INSEAD Library

Includes bibliographical references and index

Digitized

Flexibility and European Unification The Logic of Differentiated Integration Contents Figures Tables Abbreviations Preface Introduction: Discovering the Logic of Flexible Integration 1 Differentiation in the EU and Its Unsolved Puzzles 1.1 1.2 1.3 Differentiation in the Context of the EU What Are the Effects of Differentiation? The Existing Literature and the Effects of Differentiation xi xiii xv xvii 1 13 14 21 29 43 44 46 52 54 69 2 Conceptual Framework for Analyzing Differentiation 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Framework of Analysis Flexibility of Institutions Initial Willingness of Member States Character of the Issue Area Level of Integration 3 Differentiated Integration Theory 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 An Introductory Overview on the Theory Clarifying Basic Assumptions The Impact of the Flexibility of Institutions The Influence of Excludability The Influence of Rivalry in Consumption Ranking Goods According to Centripetal Effects Hypotheses Drawn from the Model Alternative Explanations 71 72 80 84 88 91 97 101 105 109 110 118 128 139 140 144 146 149 153 155 162 167 174 179 180 186 195 4 Empirical Evidence from EU Policies 4.1 4.2 4.3 Methodology and Case Selection Summary of the Empirical Case Studies Evaluation of the Hypotheses 5 Trade Integration 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 The Customs Union: EEC Enlargement The Interna] Market (I): SEA Participation The Internai Market (II): EEA Participation Summary 6 Monetary Integration 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 Fixed Exchange Rates (I): The Snake Fixed Exchange Rates (II): The ERM The Single Currency: EMU Summary 7 Social, Environmental, and Tax Policies 7.1 7.2 7.3 Social Policy: The Maastricht Protocol Environmental Policies: Climate Protection Tax Harmonization: The Feira Tax Package 7.4 Summary 204 209 211 215 217 220 223 226 230 233 238 243 244 250 260 267 287 293 315 323 8 Justice and Home Affairs 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 Controlling Borders: The Schengen Agreement Fighting Crime: The Schengen Information System Handling Asylum: From Schengen to Dublin Summary 9 Foreign, Security, and Defense Policies 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 Foreign Policy: From the Elysée Treaty to EPC Security Policy: From the WEU to CFSP Crisis Management: From the Petersberg Declaration to ESDP Summary 10 Policy Implications of Differentiated Integration Theory 10.1 10.2 10.3 Insights Conceming "Enhanced Cooperation" Implications for EU Actors, Institutions, and Policies Potential Applications beyond European Integration Conclusion: The Role of Flexibility in European Unification Annex Bibliography Index About the Author