INSEAD Library

Includes bibliographical references and index

Digitized

The Red Queen Among Organizations How Competitiveness Evolves Contents Preface Acknowledgments ONE WHY ARE SOME ORGANIZATIONS MORE COMPETITIVE THAN OTHERS? "Competitiveness" Varies from Organization to Organization Organizations Are Intendedly Rational Adaptive Systems Organizations Compete with Similar Organizations What It Takes to Win Depends on a Context's Logic of Competition Organizations Learn a Context's Logic of Competition by Competing TWO LOGICS OF COMPETITION Analyzing Logics of Competition Meta-Competition among Alternative Logics The Logic of Predation Discovering Logics of Competition Summary and Implications for the Model THREE THE RED QUEEN How Do Organizations Respond to Competition? The Red Queen as an Ecology of Learning Organizations Consequences of Constraint in Red Queen Evolution Killing the Red Queen through Predation Argument Summary 50 59 69 72 12 14 17 28 34 37 43 46 47 8 4 7 3 xi xiii 1 FOUR EMPIRICALLY MODELING THE RED QUEEN Modeling "Competitiveness" as a Property of Organizations The Red Queen Model Modeling a Pure-Selection Process Modeling Myopia Modeling the Implications of Predation Modeling Organizational Founding Modeling Organizational Survival Comparisons to Other Ecological Models of Organizations FIVE RED QUEEN COMPETITION AMONG COMMERCIAL BANKS The Institutional Context of Twentieth-Century U.S. Commerical Banking Logics of Competition among U.S. Banks Specifying the Red Queen Model for Illinois Banks Estimates of the Bank Founding Models Estimates of the Bank Failure Models Summary of Findings SIX RED QUEEN COMPETITION AMONG COMPUTER MANUFACTURERS The Computer Industry and Its Markets Discovering Logics of Competition among Mainframe Computer Manufacturers Discovering Logics of Competition among Midrange Computer Manufacturers Discovering Logics of Competition among Microcomputer Manufacturers Summary of Findings 74 75 77 79 80 82 84 85 87 90 90 97 105 109 119 130 132 136 138 170 193 213 SEVEN THE RED QUEEN AND ORGANIZATIONAL INERTIA The Competition-Inertia Hypothesis The Red Queen and Inertia among Computer Manufacturers The Red Queen and the Rise and Fall of Organizations EIGHT SOME IMPLICATIONS OF RED QUEEN COMPETITION Managerial Implications of the Red Queen Research Implications of the Red Queen APPENDIX DATA SOURCES AND COLLECTION METHODS Commercial Banks Computer Manufacturers Notes References Index 215 218 222 224 228 230 232 237 237 241 245 259 275