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Arab Oil and Gas Directory 2007 Table of Contents FOREWORD................................................................. 6 ALGERIA.................................................................... 17 Introduction........................................................................ 18 THE OIL INDUSTRY...................................................... 19 Reform of the Oil and Gas Sector........................................ 19 The 2005 Hydrocarbon Law and Amendment................. 20 Tax on Exceptional Profits ............................................... 26 Sonatrach........................................................................... 27 Exploration ........................................................................ 34 Exploration Contracts ....................................................... 36 Foreign Operators.............................................................. 36 Oil Reserve, Production and Exports ................................49 Field Development ............................................................ 51 Oil Refining....................................................................... 55 Map................................................................................... 59 THE GAS INDUSTRY.................................................... 57 Reserves and Development............................................... 57 Field Development ........................................................... 57 Gas Exports....................................................................... 64 Export Gaslines................................................................. 72 Fertilizers and Petrochemicals ......................................... 75 Economy and Finance....................................................... 76 BAHRAIN.......................................................................... 79 Introduction....................................................................... 80 Oil and Gas Developments ................................................. 81 Organization of the Oil and Gas Industry ........................ 81 Exploration ....................................................................... 82 Map................................................................................... 83 Reserves and Production................................................... 84 Refining and Exports........................................................ 86 Energy Consumption........................................................ 89 Petrochemicals ................................................................. 90 Industrial Development..................................................... 91 Economy and Finance....................................................... 93 Field Development .......................................................... 108 Refining .......................................................................... 109 Map................................................................................. 111 Oil Exports and Prices.................................................... 113 THE GAS INDUSTRY.................................................. 114 Gas Exploration, Reserves and Production ................... 115 Field Development ......................................................... 118 Gas Exports..................................................................... 125 Energy Consumption ..................................................... 128 Hydrocarbon Transport................................................... 131 Petrochemicals and Fertilizers ....................................... 135 Economy and Finance .................................................... 138 IRAN ............................................................................... 139 Introduction..................................................................... 140 THE OIL INDUSTRY ................................................... 141 Exploration ..................................................................... 141 Map................................................................................. 143 Reserves and Production................................................. 148 Field Development ......................................................... 149 Refining........................................................................... 156 Oil Exports and Prices ................................................... 158 Oil Transport .................................................................. 159 THE GAS INDUSTRY.................................................. 161 Reserves and Production................................................. 161 Map................................................................................. 163 Field Development ......................................................... 165 South Pars Field ............................................................. 165 Exports ........................................................................... 170 Energy Consumption...................................................... 172 Petrochemicals and Fertilizers ....................................... 175 Economy and Development ........................................... 179 IRAQ ......................................................................... 181 Introduction..................................................................... 182 Oil Exploration ............................................................... 183 Map................................................................................. 185 Oil Reserves and Production........................................... 188 Field Development ......................................................... 189 Refining........................................................................... 193 Oil Exports and Prices.................................................... 195 Natural Gas..................................................................... 196 Energy Consumption...................................................... 198 EGYPT...................................................................... 95 Introduction....................................................................... 96 THE OIL INDUSTRY...................................................... 97 Structure of the Oil and Gas Industry ................................. 98 Oil Exploration ................................................................. 99 Oil Reserves and Production.......................................... 107 Transport......................................................................... 200 Petrochemicals and Fertilizers ...................................... 202 Economy and Finance.................................................... 203 LIBYA............................................................................... 261 Introduction.................................................................... 262 Oil Exploration .............................................................. 263 Map................................................................................. 265 Operating Companies ................................................... 268 Oil Reserves and Production.......................................... 274 Field Development ........................................................ 275 Refining and Distribution .............................................. 278 Oil Exports and Prices.................................................... 281 Natural Gas..................................................................... 282 Energy Consumption ..................................................... 285 Transport........................................................................ 286 Petrochemicals .............................................................. 287 Economy and Development .......................................... 288 JORDAN........................................................................... 205 Introduction ................................................................... 206 Exploration .................................................................... 207 Map................................................................................. 211 Hydrocarbon Production and Development ..................... 212 Refining.......................................................................... 213 Energy Consumption...................................................... 214 Transport......................................................................... 217 Phosphates and Fertilizers.............................................. 218 Public Finance................................................................ 219 KUWAIT........................................................................... 221 Introduction.................................................................... 222 THE OIL INDUSTRY.................................................... 223 KPC................................................................................ 224 Exploration .................................................................... 226 Reserves and Production................................................ 227 Field Development ........................................................ 228 Refining.......................................................................... 231 Oil Exports and Prices.................................................... 234 THE GAS INDUSTRY................................................. 235 Reserves and Production................................................ 235 Map................................................................................. 237 LPG Production and Prices............................................ 238 Energy Consumption...................................................... 238 Transport ........................................................................ 240 Petrochemicals and Fertilizers ...................................... 241 Investments Abroad........................................................ 244 Economy and Finance.................................................... 245 MAURITANIA ............................................................... 289 Introduction.................................................................... 290 Reserves and Potential...................................................... 291 Oil Exploration and Production...................................... 292 Natural Gas..................................................................... 294 MOROCCO...................................................................... 299 Introduction.................................................................... Oil Exploration .............................................................. Reserves and Production................................................ Map................................................................................. Refining and Imports...................................................... Energy Consumption...................................................... Transport........................................................................ Phosphates and Fertilizers.............................................. Public Finance................................................................ 300 301 308 310 312 314 317 318 319 OMAN............................................................................... 321 Introduction.................................................................... THE OIL INDUSTRY................................................... Exploration .................................................................... Map................................................................................. Reserves and production................................................ Refining and Exports...................................................... THE GAS INDUSTRY................................................ Reserves, Production and Field Development .............. Gas Exports ................................................................... 322 323 324 326 329 337 338 338 341 LEBANON....................................................................... 251 Introduction.................................................................... 252 Exploration .................................................................... 253 Refining and Imports...................................................... 254 Energy Consumption...................................................... 255 Transport......................................................................... 258 Finance and Development.............................................. 259 Energy Consumption...................................................... 341 Transport ........................................................................ 343 Industrial Development.................................................. 344 Economy and Finance..................................................... 345 QATAR.............................................................................. 347 Introduction..................................................................... 348 THE OIL INDUSTRY.................................................... 350 Exploration...................................................................... 350 Operating Companies .................................................... 350 Qatar Petroleum.............................................................. 353 Reserves and Production................................................ 352 Field Development ......................................................... 354 Map................................................................................. 357 Refining ......................................................................... 359 Oil Exports ..................................................................... 360 THE GAS INDUSTRY................................................. 361 Reserves and Production................................................ 362 Field Development ......................................................... 363 Gas Processing ............................................................... 364 GTL................................................................................. 365 Gas Exports..................................................................... 367 Energy Consumption...................................................... 374 Transport......................................................................... 376 Fertilizers and Petrochemicals ....................................... 380 Industrial Development.................................................. 384 Economy and Finance..................................................... 385 Gas Processing ............................................................... 416 LPG Exports .................................................................. 419 Energy Consumption...................................................... 419 Transport......................................................................... 423 Petrochemicals ............................................................... 427 Industrial Development.................................................. 441 Economy and Finance..................................................... 442 SUDAN.............................................................................. 445 Introduction.................................................................... 446 Exploration .................................................................... 447 Operating Companies .................................................... 449 Map ................................................................................ 452 Reserves, Production and Exports.................................. 453 Field Development ......................................................... 454 Refining and Consumption............................................. 456 Transport......................................................................... 458 Economy and Finance..................................................... 459 SYRIA................................................................................ 461 Introduction.................................................................... 462 Oil Exploration .............................................................. 463 Map................................................................................. 465 Operating Companies .................................................... 468 Oil Reserves and Production.......................................... 472 Oil Refining.................................................................... 477 Oil Exports ..................................................................... 478 Natural Gas Production and Processing ........................ 478 Energy Consumption...................................................... 483 Hydrocarbon Transport................................................... 484 Economy and Finance .................................................... 486 SAUDI ARABIA.............................................................. 387 Introduction..................................................................... 388 THE OIL INDUSTRY.................................................... 389 Operating Companies..................................................... 389 Saudi Aramco................................................................. 391 Oil Exploration, Reserves and Production .................... 393 Field development........................................................... 396 Map................................................................................. 399 Refining.......................................................................... 402 Oil Exports and Prices ................................................... 411 THE GAS INDUSTRY................................................. 413 Exploration, Reserves and Production ........................... 413 TUNISIA........................................................................... 489 Introduction.................................................................... 490 Exploration and Operating Companies .......................... 491 Map................................................................................. 497 Oil Production and Refining........................................... 499 Natural Gas..................................................................... 506 Energy Consumption...................................................... 508 Transport......................................................................... 509 Phosphates and Fertilizers.............................................. 510 Finance and Development.............................................. 511 AJMAN ............................................................................ 566 UMM AL-QAIWAIN..................................................... 566 YEMEN............................................................................. 567 Introduction.................................................................... 568 Oil Exploration .............................................................. 569 Map................................................................................ 573 Operating Companies .................................................... 575 Map................................................................................ 576 Oil Reserves and Production.......................................... 580 Refining and Exports........................................................ 582 Gas Export Projects........................................................ 583 Transport........................................................................ 584 Economy and Finance.................................................... 586 UNITED ARAB EMIRATES ..................................... 513 Introduction.................................................................... 514 Map................................................................................ 517 ABU DHABI.................................................................... 519 ADNOC.......................................................................... 520 THE OIL INDUSTRY................................................... 522 Oil Exploration .............................................................. 522 Operating Companies .................................................... 522 Oil Reserves and Production.......................................... 524 Field Development ........................................................ 524 Refining.......................................................................... 529 Oil Exports and Prices.................................................... 532 THE GAS INDUSTRY................................................ 532 Reserves and Production................................................ 532 Field Development ........................................................ 532 Gas Processing and Exports .......................................... 536 ENERGY CONSUMPTION........................................ 538 TRANSPORT................................................................. 541 PETROCHEMICALS AND FERTILIZERS................. 543 OAPEC.............................................................................. 587 Introduction.................................................................... OAPEC-Sponsored Companies..................................... Reserves, Production and Revenues.............................. Oil Consumption............................................................ $345.1 Billion for Energy Projects, 2007-2011 588 589 594 594 ARAB COUNTRIES...................................................... 597 OPEC................................................................................. 599 Introduction.................................................................... 600 Market Developments 2006/2007.................................. 601 Prices and Revenues...................................................... 602 OPEC Meetings.............................................................. 604 Market Outlook.............................................................. 606 OPEC Statistics.............................................................. 609 - World Oil Supply and Demand, 2004-2030............... 617 - $20,192 Billion for World Energy Investments, 2005-2030...................................................................... 620 - Marketed Production of Natural Gas, 2005-2006....... 625 INDEX OF OIL and GAS COMPANIES IN THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA.......................... 627 CONVERSION FACTORS................................................ 687 ADVERTISERS' INDEX................................................... 688 DUBAI .............................................................................. 545 Introduction.................................................................... 545 Oil Reserves and Production.......................................... 546 Gas Reserves and Production ........................................ 547 Refining and Distribution............................................... 548 Oil Storage and Transport.............................................. 549 Energy Consumption...................................................... 551 Industrial Development.................................................. 553 SHARJAH......................................................................... 555 Exploration and Production........................................... Reserves and Production................................................ Gas Processing .............................................................. Gas Exports.................................................................... 555 557 558 559 RAS AL-KHAIMAH...................................................... 560 Exploration, Production and Processing........................ 560 FUJAIRAH....................................................................... 563