INSEAD Library

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CD-ROM serial number 39845912 Installed in Amphi R and in PC Resources room in the Doriot Library

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ProModel® User Guide Table of Contents Introduction ........................................................................................ 1 About the User Guide .............................................................1 Symbols and Notation ............................................................ 3 Keyboard ......................................................................... 3 Text .................................................................................. 3 Logic ................................................................................ 3 Product Support.......................................................................4 Modeling Services ..................................................................5 Reporting Suggestions ........................................................... 5 Chapter 1: Getting Started ..................................................................................... 7 Welcome to ProModel............................................................ 7 Where to Go from here ....................................................7 Using ProModel...................................................................... 9 Building Models............................................................... 9 Running Models ...............................................................11 Creating Run-Time Models ............................................. 11 Trace Window.................................................................. 11 Location Information Windows ...................................... 12 Viewing Output................................................................ 12 Chapter 2: Installation and Registration ........................................................ 15 General Setup Information .................................................... 15 Hardware Requirements ................................................. 15 Installation Procedure for a Stand-alone PC .........................15 Installation Procedure for Network Version .........................17 Overview ........................................................................ 17 Installation Types ........................................................... 17 Local Machine Install ..................................................... 18 File Server Install ........................................................... 19 Set Up License Server .................................................... 21 Registering ProModel............................................................ 24 Checking for ProModel Updates..................................... 27 Software License Key FAQ............................................ 28 Chapter 3: Planning the Model ............................................................... 29 Steps for Doing Simulation ...................................................29 Introduction .................................................................... 29 General Procedure .......................................................... 29 Step 1: Planning the Study ............................................. 30 Step 2: Defining the System............................................ 34 Step 3: Building the Model .............................................39 Step 4: Conducting Experiments..................................... 41 Step 5: Analyzing the Output.......................................... 49 Step 6: Reporting the Results ......................................... 49 Pitfalls in Simulation ...................................................... 50 Summary .........................................................................50 Building a Model....................................................................51 Modeling Scenario ..........................................................51 Phased Modeling Approach ........................................... 52 Phase 1: Basic Model Elements ..................................... 53 Phase 2: Adding Resources and Variability ......................56 Phase 3: Additional Operations ...................................... 59 Running a Model ...................................................................60 Simulation Options ......................................................... 61 Animation Screen............................................................ 61 Options Menu.................................................................. 62 Information Menu ...........................................................62 Viewing Model Statistics and Reports ...................................63 Chapter 4: Modeling Environment......................................................................... 65 Menu Bar.............................................................................. 65 File Menu..............................................................................66 File Management............................................................66 Model Merging ............................................................. 68 View/Print Model Text ................................................. 70 Model Packaging/Data Protection ................................ 72 Edit Menu ............................................................................ 74 Editing Tables ............................................................... 74 Editing Process Records................................................ 75 Editing Notes Windows ................................................ 76 Editing Logic Windows ................................................ 76 Editing Background Graphics .......................................78 Editing and Moving Graphics ..........................................79 View Menu .......................................................................... 81 Switches ........................................................................ 81 Toolbars ........................................................................ 81 Settings ..........................................................................81 Views ............................................................................ 82 Zoom Feature ................................................................ 84 Layout Settings ............................................................. 84 Edit Tables .................................................................... 88 Commands .................................................................... 88 Window Menu.....................................................................89 Help Menu...........................................................................89 Toolbars ..............................................................................90 Right-Click Menu................................................................92 Chapter 5: Building the Model: General Elements....................................... 93 Build Menu ................................................................... 93 Locations ............................................................................ 94 Locations Editor ............................................................94 Location Edit Table........................................................95 Location Graphics Window .......................................... 96 Location Graphics .........................................................98 Capacities and Units ..................................................... 104 Location Downtimes ..................................................... 105 Rules Dialog Box .......................................................... 113 Entities ................................................................................. 116 Entities Editor ............................................................... 116 Defining Entities ........................................................... 117 Entity Graphic Dimensions ...........................................117 Defining Multiple Entity Graphics ............................... 118 Preemptive Entities ....................................................... 119 Path Networks ..................................................................... 121 Path Networks Editor ....................................................121 A Typical Path Network ............................................... 123 Path Segment Edit Table ...............................................124 Automatic Time and Distance Calculation ...................125 Interfaces Edit Table ..................................................... 125 Mapping Edit Table ...................................................... 126 Nodes Edit Table ...........................................................128 Pre-translation check for Path Networks ...................... 129 Resources .............................................................................130 Typical Use of Resources ............................................. 130 Resources Editor ........................................................... 131 Static Resources ............................................................ 133 Dynamic Resources ...................................................... 134 Multiple Resource Graphics ......................................... 134 Multi-Unit Resources vs. Multiple Single-Unit Resources ....................................135 Resource Downtimes .................................................... 136 Resource Priorities and Preemption ..............................138 Resource Shift Downtime Priorities ............................. 139 Resource Preemption Matrix ........................................ 139 Resource Specifications Dialog Box............................. 141 Resource Search Routines ............................................ 143 Node Logic Editor..........................................................144 Resource Points .............................................................145 Processing ............................................................................147 Using the Processing Editor ........................................147 Defining Entity Processing ......................................... 148 Processing Editor ........................................................ 149 Process Edit Table .......................................................149 Routing Edit Table ...................................................... 153 Processing Tools ......................................................... 157 Arrivals .............................................................................. 161 Arrivals Editor..............................................................161 Arrivals Edit Table ......................................................161 Defining Arrivals ........................................................ 162 Independent Arrivals ...................................................163 Arrival Logic ...............................................................165 Shifts and Breaks...................................................................166 Shift Assignments ....................................................... 169 Shift Downtime Principles .......................................... 173 General Information .......................................................... 177 General Information Dialog Box ................................ 177 Cost .................................................................................... 181 Cost Dialog Box ..........................................................181 Building a Model with Costing ................................... 182 Preemption/Downtime ................................................ 183 Join/Load......................................................................183 Combine/Group............................................................183 Special Cost Handling .................................................184 Costing Output Statistics .............................................184 Enable or Disable Costing ...........................................185 Tanks ..................................................................................186 Basic Concepts ............................................................187 Tank Logic Builder ..................................................... 189 Pre-defined Tank Subroutines ........................................... 191 Tank Fill ...................................................................... 191 Tank_Empty.................................................................192 Tank_Transfer .............................................................193 Tank_TransferUpTo.....................................................193 Tank_TransferDownTo................................................194 Tank_SetLevel ............................................................ 195 Tank_Inc ..................................................................... 196 Tank Dec ..................................................................... 196 Tank_RiseTrigger ........................................................ 197 Tank_FallTrigger ......................................................... 198 Tank_Cap .....................................................................198 Tank_FreeCap ..............................................................198 Tank_DoOperation ...................................................... 199 Tank_GoDown..............................................................199 Tank_GoDownSched ...................................................200 Tank_DoPrep ............................................................... 201 Tank_SetS tate ............................................................. 202 Tank_SelectOutput....................................................... 202 Tank_Selectlnput ......................................................... 204 Tank_UpdateStats ........................................................204 Tank_Rate ....................................................................205 Pre-defined Data Elements .......................................... 205 Defining Tank Control Subroutines ............................ 207 Examples of Tank Control Logic ................................ 207 Background Graphics .........................................................216 Background Graphics Editor Modes ........................... 216 Background Graphics Editor........................................ 217 Chapter 6: Building the Model: Advanced Elements................................223 Attributes ............................................................................223 Attribute Types ............................................................ 223 Memory Allocation for Attributes ...............................224 Attributes vs. Local Variables ..................................... 224 Cloning Attributes ....................................................... 224 Attribute Edit Table ..................................................... 225 Example of Attributes in Logic.................................... 225 Attributes and the JOIN Statement ..............................226 Attributes and the GROUP/UNGROUP Statements ... 226 Attributes and the LOAD/UNLOAD Statements ........227 Attributes and the COMBINE Statement..................... 228 Variables .............................................................................229 Variable Edit Table ......................................................229 Variable Layout............................................................ 230 Editing a Variable's Icon ..............................................231 Local Variables ............................................................231 Arrays ................................................................................ 233 Arrays Edit Table ........................................................ 234 Initializing Arrays ....................................................... 235 Import Data into Arrays .............................................. 235 Export Arrays to Spreadsheets ....................................237 Using Arrays ............................................................... 238 Notes on Arrays ...........................................................238 Macros ............................................................................... 239 Macro Editor ............................................................... 239 Run-Time Interface ..................................................... 240 Resource Grouping ......................................................242 Subroutines ........................................................................ 244 Subroutine Editor ........................................................ 244 Subroutine Format........................................................245 Subroutine Example .................................................... 246 Interactive Subroutines ............................................... 247 External Subroutines ................................................... 248 Subroutines vs. Macros ............................................... 248 Arrival Cycles ....................................................................250 Arrival Cycles Edit Table ............................................250 Arrival Cycles Example .............................................. 250 Cumulative Cycle Tables ............................................ 252 Arrival Cycles by Quantity ......................................... 252 Table Functions ................................................................. 254 Table Functions Editor ................................................254 Table Function Edit Table............................................255 User Defined Distributions ................................................ 257 User Distribution Edit Table ....................................... 257 Discrete Distributions ................................................. 257 Continuous Distributions ............................................ 259 External Files ..................................................................... 260 External Files Editor ................................................... 260 File Types.....................................................................260 Streams .............................................................................. 264 Streams Edit Table ...................................................... 264 Using Random Number Streams..................................264 Stream Example .......................................................... 265 Material Handling Systems ................................................267 Crane Systems ............................................................. 267 Conveyors ....................................................................275 Automated Guided Vehicle Systems ...........................279 Manual Material Handling Systems............................. 280 Industrial Vehicles .......................................................280 Automated Storage/Retrieval Systems ........................281 Modeling Tips .................................................................. 282 Using Entity Attributes ................................................282 Customizing Graphics ................................................. 283 Batching and Unbatching Entities ................................. 284 Modeling Priorities ......................................................286 Displaying Statistics On Screen .................................. 287 Creating Pull Systems ................................................. 288 Making Assemblies ..................................................... 289 Chapter 7: Building the Logic .................................................................... 291 Logic Builder ..................................................................... 291 Using the Logic Builder .............................................. 291 Operation Logic ................................................................. 297 Preemption Process Logic ................................................. 298 Routing Move Logic........................................................... 300 Move-Related Statements ........................................... 301 Related Logic Statements.............................................302 Statement Processing ...................................................302 Shift and Break Logic ...........................................................303 Chapter 8: Using Auxiliary Tools ...............................................................305 Tools Menu ..................................................................305 Expression Search ..............................................................306 Expression Search Sub-Menu Choices ....................... 306 Find Expression ........................................................... 307 Replace Expression ..................................................... 307 Important Notes Regarding Expression Searches ....... 308 Local Find and Replace................................................ 309 Graphic Editor .................................................................... 310 Overview ......................................................................310 File Menu ..................................................................... 311 Edit Menu......................................................................312 Graphics Menu .............................................................314 Options Menu................................................................317 Window Menu.............................................................. 319 Library Edit Buttons .................................................... 319 Manipulating Graphics ................................................ 319 Create New Graphics and Libraries .............................320 Naming a Graphic ........................................................ 320 Graphic Tools Button Bar ............................................321 Editing a Library Graphic ............................................ 329 Options .............................................................................. 332 Customize ..........................................................................334 Power Tools ...................................................................... 335 ProClare ....................................................................... 336 ProSetter ...................................................................... 337 Shift Library .................................................................338 ProActiveX................................................................... 338 Promodel Player ...........................................................341 Chapter 9: Running the Model ................................................................345 Simulation Menu...........................................................345 Simulation Options ............................................................346 General Options and Settings ......................................... 346 Output Reporting Options ............................................348 Running a Specific Replication.................................... 349 Customized Reporting ................................................. 350 Model Parameters and Scenarios .........................................350 Model Parameters ........................................................ 350 Scenarios ...................................................................... 351 Running the Simulation .....................................................353 Run-Time Menus and Controls ........................................... 353 Run-Time File Menu.....................................................353 Run-Time Simulation Menu .........................................354 Run-Time Options Menu ............................................. 354 Debug Option ............................................................... 355 Trace Options ............................................................... 359 Animation Options ....................................................... 361 Run-Time Information Menu........................................ 361 Dynamic Plots .............................................................. 362 Run-Time Window Menu............................................. 366 Run-Time Interact Menu...............................................366 Run-Time Help Menu .................................................. 366 Run-Time Controls .......................................................367 Run-Time Right-Click Menu........................................ 368 SimRunner ....................................................................368 Chapter 10: Reports and Graphs .............................................................371 Output Viewer 3DR............................................................. 372 Menu Bar.......................................................................372 Toolbar ......................................................................... 377 Right-click Menu ..........................................................377 Creating Reports ................................................................. 380 Creating Charts ................................................................... 387 Chart Window .............................................................. 387 Category Chart ............................................................. 389 State Chart.....................................................................390 Histogram...................................................................... 392 Time Plot ...................................................................... 395 Chapter 11: Language Elements and Expressions ..............................401 Language Elements ...................................................... 401 Names ................................................................................. 402 Keywords............................................................................. 403 Numbers ..............................................................................404 Character Strings ................................................................ 405 Operators .............................................................................406 Mathematical Operators .............................................. 406 Relational Operators ....................................................406 Comparison Operators .................................................406 Operator Precedence ................................................... 406 Expressions ..................................................................406 Numeric Expressions ......................................................... 407 Boolean Expressions .......................................................... 408 Time Expressions ............................................................... 409 String Expressions ..............................................................410 Operator Precedence .......................................................... 411 Chapter 12: Routing Rules ......................................................................... 413 Routing Rules .............................................................. 413 Alternate .............................................................................414 Backup ............................................................................... 415 Continue ............................................................................. 416 Dependent .......................................................................... 418 Empty ................................................................................. 419 First Available ....................................................................420 Join ..................................................................................... 421 Load ................................................................................... 422 Longest Unoccupied .......................................................... 423 Most Available ................................................................... 424 Probability ..........................................................................425 Random............................................................................... 426 Send ....................................................................................427 Turn .................................................................................... 428 Until Full ............................................................................ 429 User Condition.................................................................... 430 Chapter 13: Logic Elements........................................................................ 433 Functions ............................................................................ 433 System Functions ........................................................ 433 General Functions ........................................................433 Statements........................................................................... 434 Distribution Functions ....................................................... 435 Priorities .............................................................................436 Chapter 14: Statements and Functions ................................................... 437 Accum................................................................................. 437 Activate .............................................................................. 439 Animate ..............................................................................440 ArrayDims() .......................................................................441 ArrayDimSize() ................................................................. 442 Assignment Statement ....................................................... 443 Begin................................................................................... 444 Break................................................................................... 445 BreakB lk............................................................................ 446 CalDay() .............................................................................447 Ca1DOM().......................................................................... 448 CalHour()............................................................................ 449 CalMin() .............................................................................450 CalMonth() .........................................................................451 CalYear() ........................................................................... 452 Cap() .................................................................................. 453 Char().................................................................................. 454 Clock() ............................................................................... 455 Close .................................................................................. 456 Combine ............................................................................. 457 Comments........................................................................... 459 Contents() ...........................................................................460 Create ................................................................................. 461 Debug ................................................................................. 463 Dec...................................................................................... 464 Display ............................................................................... 465 Do...Until ........................................................................... 466 Do...While ..........................................................................467 Down ................................................................................. 468 DownQty() .........................................................................469 DTDelay() ..........................................................................470 DTLeft() ............................................................................ 471 DynPlot() ........................................................................... 472 End......................................................................................473 Ent() ................................................................................... 474 Entity() ...............................................................................475 Entries() ............................................................................. 476 Exp() .................................................................................. 477 ForLocation() .....................................................................478 Format() .............................................................................479 ForResource() .................................................................... 480 Free .................................................................................... 481 FreeCap() ...........................................................................482 FreeUnits() .........................................................................483 Get ..................................................................................... 484 GetCost() ........................................................................... 486 GetReplicationNum() ........................................................ 487 GetResRate() ..................................................................... 488 Goto ................................................................................... 489 Graphic .............................................................................. 490 Group ................................................................................. 491 GroupQty() ........................................................................ 493 If...Then...Else ................................................................... 494 Inc ...................................................................................... 496 IncEntCost ......................................................................... 497 IncLocCost ........................................................................ 498 IncResCost..........................................................................499 Int .......................................................................................500 Join .....................................................................................502 Jointly Get ..........................................................................504 Last() ..................................................................................505 Ln() ..................................................................................... 506 Load .................................................................................... 507 Loc() ................................................................................... 509 LocState() ........................................................................... 510 Location() ........................................................................... 511 Log....................................................................................... 512 MapArr ............................................................................... 514 Match .................................................................................. 516 Move.................................................................................... 518 Move For .............................................................................520 Move On ............................................................................. 521 Move With........................................................................... 522 Next() .................................................................................. 524 Order.................................................................................... 525 OwnedResource() ............................................................... 526 Pause ................................................................................... 527 PercentOp().......................................................................... 528 PercentUtil() ....................................................................... 529 Preemptor() ......................................................................... 530 Priority ................................................................................ 531 Prompt .................................................................................532 Rand() ................................................................................. 534 Read .................................................................................... 535 Real ..................................................................................... 537 Real() .................................................................................. 538 Rename ............................................................................... 539 Report ................................................................................. 540 Res() .................................................................................... 541 Reset ................................................................................... 542 Reset Stats ...........................................................................543 Resource() ........................................................................... 544 ResourceUnit() ....................................................................545 ResQty() .............................................................................. 546 Return ................................................................................. 547 Round() ............................................................................... 549 Route................................................................................... 550 Send ....................................................................................552 SetRate ............................................................................... 554 Sound ................................................................................. 556 Split As ...............................................................................557 Sqrt() .................................................................................. 559 Stop .................................................................................... 560 ThreadNum() ......................................................................561 TimeLeft() ..........................................................................562 TimesUsed() .......................................................................563 Trace .................................................................................. 564 Trunc() ............................................................................... 565 Ungroup ............................................................................. 566 Units() ................................................................................ 568 Unload ................................................................................ 569 Use ..................................................................................... 571 Variable() ........................................................................... 573 View ................................................................................... 574 Wait ....................................................................................575 Wait Until ...........................................................................576 Warmup ..............................................................................577 While...Do .......................................................................... 578 Write .................................................................................. 579 WriteLine ........................................................................... 580 Xsub() ................................................................................ 581 Xwrite ................................................................................ 583 Appendix A ............................................................................ 585 Glossary .................................................................................599 Bibliography ..........................................................................604 Index........................................................................................ 605