INSEAD Library

Includes bibliographical references and index

Digitized

The 1848 Revolutions in German-Speaking Europe Contents Preface Approaches to the German revolutions of 1848/9 Structure of the book Author's acknowledgements and editorial policy viii viii xii xiii 1 German society in transition (1789-1815) The impact of the French Revolution of 1789 Intellectual responses to the French Revolution of 1789 The struggle for supremacy between Austria and Prussia Events in Switzerland and other non-imperial Germanspeaking territories The emergence of a `Third Germany' Constitutional and socio-economic reforms Reforms in Prussia and Austria The wars of liberation and the restoration of the old order 1 1 2 5 8 9 10 12 14 2 The 'Holy Alliance' and Vormärz: the demise of the German ancien régime and the preface to the revolutions The German Confederation, a battle-ground for forces of reaction and modernization The period of reaction (1815-30) From reaction to protest: the role of the intelligentsia Religious strife The nationality issue and the formation of political groups Political literature during the Vormärz Social and economic conditions within the Confederation The Swiss civil war 18 19 21 26 30 32 34 36 40 3 The March and April revolutions in the 'Third Germany' The impact of the French February Revolution Observations on the social strata in the `Third Germany' The rural population 46 46 53 53 Contents Artisans and industrial workers The 1848 uprising in Baden and its impact on other German regions The role of established protest groups Government responses and the establishment of the Pre-Parliament 55 58 65 70 4 The revolutions in Vienna and Berlin The revolution in Vienna: Social and economic conditions Vienna's March revolution From the May revolution to the September crisis The `October revolution' and reactionary victory The revolution in Berlin Social and economic conditions in Berlin The `March revolution' A period of consolidation? A second revolutionary phase? Political clubs and associations The final phase A comparison of the revolutions in Vienna and Berlin 77 77 80 82 87 89 90 92 96 99 101 102 105 5 The move towards parliamentary democracy Introduction Extra-parliamentary political activities and their interaction with the National Assembly The establishment of the Frankfurt National Assembly The constitutional committees Frankfurt ­ Vienna ­ Berlin: three contenders for the nation's capital 112 112 114 122 125 129 6 The Frankfurt National Assembly and international reverberations The establishment of parliamentary business The emergence of political factions within the Assembly The establishment of a central government The drawing up of Basic Rights Schleswig­Holstein and the issue of a German nation state Conflicting nationality issues An assessment of the National Assembly 135 135 137 138 142 144 147 151 Contents 7 The revolution in crisis The rejection of the imperial crown by Frederick William IV The campaign for the Imperial Constitution Revolutionary patterns in the summer of 1849 The political leadership and their agenda The foreign involvement The role of the military The revolutionaries' last stand in Baden 157 157 161 164 165 168 169 172 8 Forces of reaction, the counter-revolution and the decline of political life Introduction Reactionary policies in Austria and Prussia, a comparison Austrian­Prussian rivalry The position of the `Third Germany' The bureaucratization of public life The emergence of Realpolitik The `failure' of liberalism 180 180 181 184 186 188 191 194 9 The receptions of the 1848/9 revolutions in the German-speaking countries The first hundred years The revolutions of 1848/9 within the ideological concepts of the GDR Research in the Federal Republic A brief survey of Anglo-American research The reception of the 150th anniversary of the German revolutions Select bibliography General index Index of names 202 202 206 208 214 215 221 229 233